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孩子教育篇一:RCM 钢琴等级介绍及考试要求

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移居加拿大后很多家庭的孩子都会学习一种乐器,其中普遍受欢迎的是钢琴,因此很多家长或多或少都听过RCM考级。

实际上,RCM考级隶属于加拿大皇家音乐学院(The Royal Conservatory of Music),已有百余年历史,每年冬、春、夏季考三次。它和中国国内的音乐考级一样,分为不同科目和级别,要求演奏规定的曲目,而且有相应的考级教材出版。RCM考级所设级别从入门级(Preparatory)开始,有1-10(Grade1-Grade 10)级、表演证书(Performance)以及教师证书(可以从事相应科目的教学工作),是一个业余及专业音乐考试体系。。

RCM并不要求必须从某个级别开始考,因此考生可以根据自己的情况或者老师的建议选择参加考试的级别。我们的孩子参加RCM考试通常从低级别考级开始,除了要参加演奏考试之外,还要参加相应的理论考试。如下表所示,从演奏5级开始,考试者就被要求参加理论考试,若未能通过理论考试,演奏成绩再好也不能取得级别证书。在演奏考试中,除了要考已经准备好的曲目之外,考试还要考视唱练耳(Ear Tests)和视奏(Sight Reading)。当孩子取得一定级别证书后,可以用作学分而免修相应课程。不同的省对应的学分不同,更多详情请参考RCM官方网站

一. RCM钢琴等级考试要求

 
钢琴等级Repertoire
(曲目)
Studies/Etudes
(练习曲)
Technical Tests 基本练习
(音阶、琶音、和弦演奏)
Ear Tests
(视唱练耳)
Sight Reading
(视奏)
Theory Co-requisite
(乐理要求)
Grade 10One selection from List A: Works of J.S. Bach 12 (1.5)
One selection from List B: Classical Repertoire 14 (1.5)
One selection from List C: Romantic Repertoire 10 (1)
One selection from List D: Post-Romantic, early 20th century Repertoire 10 (1)
One selection from List E: 20th and 20th century Repertoire 10 (1)
two studies/etudes from the Syllabus list Clapback
Intervals
Chords
Playback
Playing
Clapping
Advanced Rudiments
History 1: An Overview
History 2: Middle Ages to Classical
Intermediate Harmony or Intermediate Keyboard Harmony
 
Preparatory ATwo selections from the Repertoire List, One selection of Teacher’s choiceNoPentascales in: C, G, D major and A minorClapback
Playback
Playing
Clapping
None 
Preparatory BTwo selections from the Repertoire List, One selection of Teacher’s choiceNoMajor keys: C, G, A, E and F major Minor keys: A, E and D minor-scales, pentascales, contrary motion scales and triadsClapback
Playback
Playing
Clapping
None 
Grade 1One selection from List A: Baroque and Classical Repertoire 18
One selection from List B: Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 18
One selection from List C: Inventions 14
one study or etude from Syllabus listMajor keys: C, G, F
Minor keys: A, E, D Scales, staccato scales, contrary motion scale, chromatic scale and triads
Clapback
Playback
Playing
Clapping
None 
Grade 2One selection from List A: Baroque and Classical Repertoire 18
One selection from List B: Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 18
One selection from List C: Inventions 14
one study or etude from Syllabus listMajor keys: C, G, F, B flat
Minor keys: A, E, D, G
Scales, staccato scales, parallel motion scales, contrary motion scale, chromatic scale, formula pattern scale, triads
Clapback
Intervals
Playback
Playing
Clapping
None 
Grade 3One selection from List A: Baroque Repertoire 18
One selection from List B: Classical and Classical-style Repertoire 18
One selection from List C: Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 14
two studies or etudes from Syllabus listMajor keys: G, D, F, B flat
Minor keys: E, B, D, G
Scales, staccato scales, parallel motion scales, chromatic scale, formula pattern scale, triads
Clapback
Intervals
Playback
Playing
Clapping
None 
Grade 4One selection from List A: Baroque 18
One selection from List B: Classical and Classical-style Repertoire 18
One selection from List C: Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 14
two studies or etudes from Syllabus listMajor keys: D, A, B flat, E flat
Minor keys: B, F#, G, C parallel motion scales, staccato scales, formula pattern scale, chromatic scale, triads and tonic arpeggios
Clapback
Intervals
Playback
Playing
Clapping
None 
Grade 5One selection from List A: Baroque 18
One selection from List B: Classical and Classical-style Repertoire 18
One selection from List C: Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 14
two studies or etudes from Syllabus listMajor keys: A, E, E flat, A flat
Minor keys: F#, C#, C, F
– parallel motion scales, staccato scales, formula pattern scales, chromatic scale, triads, dominant 7th and diminished 7th chords, tonic arpeggios
Clapback
Intervals
Playback
Playing
Clapping
Basic Rudiments 
Grade 6One selection from List A: Baroque 18
One selection from List B: Classical and Classical-style Repertoire 18
One selection from List C: Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 14
two studies or etudes from Syllabus listMajor keys: G, E, F, A flat, D flat
Minor keys: G, E, F, G#, C#
– parallel motion scales, staccato scales, formula pattern scale, chromatic scale, triads, tonic four-note chords, dominant 7th and diminished 7th chords, tonic arpeggios, dominant 7th and diminished 7th arpeggios
Clapback
Intervals
Chords
Playback
Playing
Clapping
Intermediate Rudiments 
Grade 7One selection from List A: Baroque Repertoire 18
One selection from List B: Classical and Classical-style Repertoire 18
One selection from List C: Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 14
two studies or etudes from Syllabus listMajor keys: C, D, A, E, B, B flat, E flat, G flat Minor keys: C, D, A, E, B, B flat, E flat, F#-parallel motion scales, staccato scales, formula pattern scales, chromatic scales, scales in octaves, tonic four-note chords, dominant 7th and diminished 7th chords, tonic arpeggios, dominant 7th and diminished 7th arpeggiosClapback
Intervals
Chords
Playback
Playing
Clapping
None 
Grade 8One selection from List A: Baroque Repertoire 16 (1.5)
One selection from List B: Classical and Classical-style Repertoire 16 (1.5)
One selection from List C: Romantic Repertoire 12 (1)
One selection from List D: Post-Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 12 (1)
two studies or etudes from Syllabus listPentascales in: C, G, D major and A minorClapback
Playback
Playing
Clapping
Advanced Rudiments and Introductory Harmony (recommended) 
Grade 9One selection from List A: Baroque Repertoire 16 (1.5)
One selection from List B: Classical and Classical-style Repertoire 16 (1.5)
One selection from List C: Romantic Repertoire 12 (1)
One selection from List D: Post-Romantic, 20th/21st century Repertoire 12 (1)
two studies or etudes from Syllabus listMajor keys: ALL Minor keys: ALL-parallel motion scales, staccato scales, formula pattern scales, chromatic scales, scales in octaves, tonic four-note chords, dominant 7th and diminished 7th chords, tonic arpeggios, dominant 7th and diminished 7th arpeggiosClapback
Intervals
Chords
Playback
Playing
Clapping
Advanced Rudiments
Basic Harmony or Basic Keyboard Harmony
History 1: An Overview
 

二. RCM考级的评分

RCM的评分采用百分制计分,通过分是60分,考级的通过率不低,但老师打分还是挺严格的,需要认真对待。通常只有一个考官,既要负责打分数和写评语,又要负责弹奏听音试题。不同级别的考试时间通常不同,越高级别的考试所需时间越长,比如五级一般要考15分钟左右,而八级则至少需要30分钟。每个考生按自己的意愿填好一张考试顺序的表格,并提交演奏作品的谱子给考官。考官不会接受复印件的,因此,通常现场考试考生会提交其使用的RCM教材给考官。 有些加拿大的钢琴老师会建议考生达到8级水平时再参加8级考试,主要是因为只有8级证书才有用(转高中11和12年级的学分),前面的等级证书基本没有什么用。不过其实钢琴考级不仅仅是为了证书,同时也是对孩子的一个鼓励,用实际成绩来证明他们的努力付出是获得认可的,同时也有助于家长对老师教学工作的督促,了解孩子的学习进度。我建议可以从5级开始考,然后再考6、8、9和10级,具体可以和钢琴老师及孩子沟通确定。

三. RCM考级的特点

1. 大部分级别考试不要求背谱。RCM考级只要求10级以上考试必须背谱演奏,而9级以下(含9级)则设立了背谱分数,且只对应那3-4首不同时期的曲目,而练习曲可以不背奏,基本练习则要背奏。

2. 要申请表演或教师级别考试的考生必须完成先10级的演奏考试,且总分在75或至少每个考试项目得到70%的分数。其中申请教师证书则年龄要在18岁以上,且至少有一年实际教学经验。

3. 每个级别的考试几乎都要准备两首练习曲,但是它们才占12分,每首6分。这也可以反映出RCM考级对基本演奏技术的重视不如国内考级要求高。从技术难度讲,对比RCM与国内考级相同级别的曲目设定,RCM考级除了10级以外对考级技术难度的要求要比国内同等级考试低1到2个级别。

4. 乐理知识对RCM考级同样很重要。乐理2级(Rudiments 2)要求考生在两个小时内,完成8页的习题,难度不低需要考生重视。

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The Wilmot Condos

The Wilmot Condos

开发商: WP Developments
奥克维尔Rural Oakville社区
Dundas St & Eighth Line
极少单位在售,$985,900 - $1,145,900
2025年春开始入住 ...
The Branch Condos

The Branch Condos

开发商:Zancor Homes
奥克维尔West Oak Trails社区
Dundas St & Bronte Rd
极少单位在售,$835,900 - $1,088,900
2023年4月开始入住 ...
Connectt Condos in Milton

Connectt Condos in Milton

开发商:Lindvest Properties
密尔顿Coates社区
Derry Rd W & Ontario St S
VVIP内部销售,$467,990 - $879,990
2025年秋开始入住 ...
The Millhouse Condos

The Millhouse Condos

开发商:Fernbrook Homes
密尔顿Old Milton社区
Ontario St S & Main St E
C栋VVIP内部销售,$564,990 - $1,200,990
二期2025年5月开始入住 ...
Realm Condos

Realm Condos

开发商:ADI Development Group
柏林顿Altont社区
Thomas Alton Blvd & Valera Rd
尾盘在售,$654,990 - $965,990
2024年7月开始入住 ...
Glen Ashton Estates

Glen Ashton Estates

开发商:Menkes Development
奥克维尔Uptown社区
Trafalgar Rd & Dundas St E
尾盘在售,$1,989,990 - $2,250,000
2020年开始入住 ...
5North Condos

5North Condos

开发商:Mattamy Homes
奥克维尔West Oak Trails社区
Proudfoot Trail & Dundas St W
正在销售,$575,990 - 791,990
2024年开始入住 ...
Valera Condos 2

Valera Condos 2

开发商:ADI Development Group
柏林顿Altont社区
Thomas Alton Blvd & Valera Rd
正在销售,$579,000 - $714,990
2022年12月开始入住 ...
Gallery Condos and Lofts

Gallery Condos and Lofts

开发商:Carriage Gate Homes\
柏林顿Brant社区
Brant St & James St
正在销售,$659,000 - $959,000
2022年5月开始入住 ...
Curate Towns by The Lake

Curate Towns by The Lake

开发商:ADI Development Group
柏林顿 Appleby社区
Lakeshore Rd & Burloak Dr
正在销售,$1,061,990 - $1,191,990
2020年开始入住 ...
Berkshire Residences

Berkshire Residences

开发商:RISE Developments
奥克维尔Old Oakville社区
Trafalgar Rd & Lakeshore Rd E
正在销售,$779,990 - $2,136,990
2022年秋开始入住 ...
Glen Abbey Encore by Country Wide Homes

Glen Abbey Encore by Country Wide Homes

开发商:Country Wide Homes
奥克维尔West Oak Trails社区
Bronte Rd & Upper Middle Rd
VVIP内部销售,$1,669,990 - $1,929,990
2022年3月开始入住 ...
Glen Abbey Encore by Primont

Glen Abbey Encore by Primont

开发商:Primont Homes
奥克维尔West Oak Trails社区
Bronte Rd & Upper Middle Rd
VVIP内部销售,$1,489,990 - $1,574,990
2021年10月开始入住 ...

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